According to Kramer, postmodern music:
- is not simply a repudiation of modernism or its continuation, but has aspects of both a break and an extension
- is, on some level and in some way, ironic
- does not respect boundaries between sonorities and procedures of the past and of the present
- challenged barriers between 'high' and 'low' styles
- shows disdain for the often unquestioned value of structural unity
- questions the mutual exclusivity of elitist and populist values
- avoids totalizing forms (e.g. does not want entire pieces to be tonal or serial or cast in a prescribed formal mold)
- considers music not as autonomous but as relevant to cultural, social, and political contexts
- includes quotations of or references to music of many traditions and cultures
- considers technology not only as a way to preserve and transmit music but also as deeply implicated in the production and essence of music
- embraces contradictions
- distrusts binary oppositions
- includes fragmentations and discontinuities
- encompasses pluralism and eclecticism
- presents multiple meaning and multiple temporalities
- locates meaning and even structure in listeners, more than in scores, performances, or composers
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